A RARE SULPHIDE PORTRAIT BUST OF GEORGE WASHINGTON BY DESPREZ
FRENCH, EARLY 19TH CENTURY
The polished glass medallion with bust of Washington facing to his right, the back of the bust marked "DESPREZ", the whole of circular sunburst form with pointed edge and ribbed back, floral gilt bronze suspension mount and loop, in later glazed case
the sulphide 10.5cm diameter, the case 24 x 21cm
Provenance :
By family descent from the Crane and Van Duzer families in New York.
Barthélemy Desprez (fl.1773-1819) was a chemist and the chief modeler at the Manufacture nationale de Sèvres until approximately 1792. He pioneered the creation and invention of sulphide portraits in France- a process which was continued with his son Desprez Jnr. and brought to England by Apsley Pellatt (1791-1863). From the likely dating of this example it is very difficult to determine which may have been responsible for the creation of it. It is possible that this portrait is derived in part from a print after Jean-Antoine Houdon's marble bust of Washington executed 1785-1792. One such likely source is Joseph Wood's portrait after Houdon engraved by William Satchwell Leney and published by Joseph Delaplaine in Philadelphia in 1814, an example of which is held in the Royal Collection (RCIN 618879).
It would seem that this sulphide was originally created possibly as one of a pendant pair of similar sunburst form- the other modelled as Benjamin Franklin looking to his left. An example of the Franklin portrait is held in the Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery (1927X https://npg.si.edu/object/npg_1927X) but misattributed to the French sculptor Louis Desprez (1799-1870).
At the time of cataloguing no comparable sulphide depiction of Washington has been found- an example of the pendant Franklin sulphide was sold as part of lot 699- Brunk Auctions, Asheville, North Carolina, Important Private Collection from Boston, 12th November, 2022 ($3,000 excl. BP).
Condition Report:
With mild wear, marks, knocks and scratches as per age, handling, use, and cleaning.
With inclusions and glass flaws from manufacture and various small chips around outer edges- gilt bronze suspension looks to be original,
Currently stored in glazed box with retailers label for D B Butler & CO, Madison Ch ambers New York. Although the box is good for display- the brass pin mounts around it are not foam protected making removal and transport of the piece in/from the box liable to cause chips.
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