THOMAS DANIELL R.A. (BRITISH 1749-1840)
VIEW IN THE KOAH NULLAH
Oil on canvas
58 x 45cm (22¾ x 17½ in.)
In August 1788, Thomas Daniell began to plan a tour up-country, passing through Cawnpore, and then on to Agra and Delhi, before heading further north to Amroha and Najibabad.
The rocky valley of the Khoh river, that leads into the Garhwal hills, was the route that the Daniells followed on the final outbound leg of their journey from Kotdwara to Srinagar in April 1789. Parts of the journey were perilous because of the difficult roads, and much of the terrain was unknown to the British. The Daniels were in fact the first Europeans ever to visit Garhwal.
They wrote: 'We all four were carried in our jampans [hill palanquins] by four bearers to each who seemed to take us with the greatest ease.' (Archer, p.86) However, it was often too steep to use their palanquins and they had to climb up the rocky watercourse.
Described by the pair, 'The Koah Nullah [Khoh River] is a mountain stream that in the season of rain must be a furious torrent, but in the month of April was a delightful rivulet, that, sparkling in the sun, gave animation and beauty to the rude scenes through which it pursued its course' (Oriental Scenery, Part 4, Plate 15).
The enthusiasm for sparkling streams was apparently not shared by the Daniells' remaining Bengali servants who, as well as being hostile to the wheat eaten in this region, these lowlanders were also prejudiced against 'beautiful transparent water' flowing in the hills: their stagnant reservoirs, and even the turbid waters of the Hooghly at Calcutta, appeared to them much more inviting' (Archer, p.87).
In the autumn of 1791, the pair of artists arrived back at Calcutta, having travelled many miles since their departure in August 1788. Their arrival was noted by William Baillie, who informed Ozias Humphry (November 3rd, 1793) that 'Mr. Thomas Daniell returned to Calcutta with a collection of about 150 pictures.' On the 5 th January 1792, the Calcutta Gazette announced a 'Lottery of pictures painted during the extended tour'. (Sutton, p.66-67) One hundred and fifty pictures and paintings were exhibited at the Old Harmonic Tavern, with the draw taking place on March 1 st .
Although no catalogue of this lottery survives, it is likely that the present, unrecorded, lot, was one of the hundred and fifty works produced for this financial venture. If this is the case, we can date the work to circa 1790-1791 when the Daniells were working on pictures for the Calcutta Lottery.
Much of the works produced by the Daniells during their time in India include buildings or ruins; both a reflection of their own artistic ideals, and of the idea that India itself was the scene of ancient civilisations. However, the foothills of the Himalayas presented the pair with the opportunity to paint pure landscapes. The present lot is not completely free of buildings, but the humble dwelling at its centre is quickly dwarfed and overshadowed by the sublime rugged mountains and spirited waters which surround it.
A watercolour sold at Christie's, London, The P&O Collection of Watercolours of India by Thomas and William Daniell , 24 September 1996, lot 62, entitled The Khoh River, near Diosa, Garhwal, Uttar Pradesh (Oriental Scenery vol. IV, engraving No.18) appears to offer a similar view to the present lot but from a vantage point further down the Khoh River, omitting the house, but with the same mountain range easily identifiable. In addition, the artist depicted the same view in one of a pair of drawings entitled Old Lungoor Ghur: Near Nytana, Srinagar Mountains (Sale, Christie's London 29 th October 2019, lot 91).
A comparable oil painting, The Koh Valley in Garhwal, Northern India , was sold at Bonhams Travel and Topographical Pictures auction on 10 May 2005, lot 67.
We are grateful to Charles Greig for his assistance in preparing this catalogue entry.